What are the Dwadasa Adityas ?

The Sun is also God to the Hindus. He is Karma Sakshi (who is witness for all  our actions). The Sun is called in different  twelve names  as Dhata, Aryama, Mitra, Varuna, Indra, Vivswantah, Trishnah, Vishnuh, Taryamah, Bhaga, Poosha, and  Kratuh.

We have twelve months  in  Hindu Almanac.  The Almanac starts from Chaitra Maasa according to the Lunar System. The names of those twelve months ... Chaitra Maasa, Vaisakha, Jyeshya, Ashadha, Sravana, Bhadrapada, Aaswayuja, Kaartika, Margasira, Pushya, Maagha and Phalghuna Maasa.

In this Universe, the Sun in different names in different months give sustraining energic force to the entire Earth. And the names of Sun in those months are ... 1) for Chaitra Maasa (month) the Sun is called as Dhata, 2) for Vaisakha the Sun  is Aryama, 3) for Jyeshta Maasa the Sun is called as Mitrah, 4) for Aashadha is varunah, 5) for Sravana Maasa the Sun is Indrah, 6) for Bhadrapada Maasa the Sun is Vivaswantah, 7) for Aaswayuja is Trishnah, 8) for Kaartika Maasa the Sun is Vishunh, 9) for Maargasira is Taryamah, 10) for Pushya Maasa the Sun is Bhagah, 11) for Maagha Maasa is Pooshah, 12) for Phalghuna Maasa the Sun is Kratuh. Hence the Sun in different names  is the Lord of those different  months.